Note 4 - Convertible Instruments

During fiscal 2010, the Company issued 400,000 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series B”) at $5.00 per share for cash proceeds totaling $2,009,000, of which 95,100 shares remain outstanding at February 28, 2014. Each share of the Series B is convertible into ten shares of the Company’s common stock including any accrued dividend, with an effective fixed conversion price of $.50 per share. The holders of the Series B can only convert their shares to common shares provided the Company has sufficient authorized common shares at the time of conversion. Accordingly, the conversion option was contingent upon the Company increasing its authorized common shares, which occurred in April 2010, when the Company’s shareholders approved an increase to the authorized shares of common stock to 100,000,000. At the commitment date, which occurred upon such shareholder approval, the conversion option related to the Series B was beneficial. The intrinsic value of the conversion option at the commitment date resulted in a constructive dividend to the Series B holders of approximately $6,000,000. The constructive dividend increased and decreased additional paid-in capital by identical amounts. The Series B has liquidation preferences over the common shares at $5.00 per share plus any accrued dividends. Dividends are payable to the Series B holders when declared by the board of directors at the rate of $.25 per share per annum. Such dividends are cumulative and accrue whether or not declared and whether or not there are any profits, surplus or other funds or assets of the Company legally available. The Series B holders have no voting rights. During the nine months ended February 28, 2014 and fiscal year ended May 31, 2013, the Company issued $1,200,000 and $6,588,250, respectively, of unsecured convertible notes (the “Notes”) to investors for cash. Each Note is convertible, at the election of the holder, at any time into common shares at a fixed conversion price of the principal balance. At February 28, 2014, $4,521,250 was convertible at $.75 per share (see Note 5). During the three months ended February 28, 2014, one holder of a six-month $100,000 convertible note elected to convert the principal, plus accrued interest of $2,151, resulting in the issuance of 157,154 shares of common stock at a conversion price of $.65 per share. During the nine months ended February 28, 2014, one holder of a six-month convertible note with a principal amount of $250,000 exercised the right to receive repayment. In addition, two holders of six-month convertible notes with principal totaling $380,000 converted the aggregate principal amount, plus accrued but unpaid interest totaling $6,351, into common stock at a conversion price of $.65 per share, resulting in the issuance of a total of 594,384 shares of common stock. The holders received warrants to purchase 292,307 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $.75 per share which will expire five years after issuance. Pursuant to U.S. GAAP, these warrants were characterized as inducements to convert the debt and, as such, gave rise to the recognition of non-cash interest expense of approximately $193,000 during the nine months ended February 28, 2014 based upon a Black-Scholes valuation.

The holders of three-year convertible notes with principal totaling $1,120,000 also converted, during the nine months ended February 28, 2014, the aggregate principal amount into common stock at a conversion price of $.75 per share, resulting in the issuance of 1,493,333 shares of common stock. The remaining notes totaling $4,521,250 are payable in full between October 1, 2015 and March 6, 2016 and bear interest at rates that range from 5% to 10% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears beginning on April 1, 2013.

In connection with the initial sale of the Company’s convertible notes, detachable common stock warrants, with terms of two or three years, were issued to the investors to purchase a total of 9,451,056 common shares at exercise prices ranging from $.50 to $2.00 per share. The warrants are currently exercisable in full. The Company determined the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model utilizing certain weighted average assumptions such as expected stock price volatility, term of the warrants, risk-free interest rates, and expected dividend yield at the commitment date.

Additionally, at the commitment date, the Company determined that the conversion feature related to the Notes was beneficial to the investors. As a result, the Company determined the intrinsic value of the conversion feature utilizing the fair value of the common stock at the commitment date and the effective conversion price after discounting the Notes for the fair value of the warrants. The fair value of the warrants and the intrinsic value of the conversion feature were recorded as a debt discount to the Notes, and a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital. The respective debt discounts, at the commitment dates, exceeded the face amount of the Notes, and accordingly, the discounts were limited to the cash proceeds received from the Notes. The debt discounts are being amortized over the life of the Notes. During the three and nine months ended February 28, 2014 and 2013, the Company recognized approximately $402,000 and $3,450,000, and $977,000 and $1,235,000, respectively, in expense related to amortization of the debt discount. For the period October 28, 2003 through February 28, 2014, the Company recognized approximately $5,158,000 in expense related to amortization of the debt discount. The unamortized discounts are fully amortized upon the conversion of the Notes before maturity. Activity related to the Notes was as follows: