Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Derivative Liabilities

v3.19.2
Derivative Liabilities
 12 Months Ended
May 31, 2019
Derivative Liability
Note 5—Derivative Liabilities
The investor and placement agent warrants, issued in connection with a registered direct offering in September 2016, contained a provision for net cash settlement in the event that there is a fundamental transaction (contractually defined as a merger, sale of substantially all assets, tender offer or share exchange, whereby such other Person or group acquires more than 50% of the outstanding common stock). If a fundamental transaction occurs in which the consideration issued consists principally of cash or stock in a successor entity, then the warrantholder has the option to receive cash equal to the fair value of the remaining unexercised portion of the warrant. Due to this contingent cash settlement provision, the investor and placement agent warrants require liability classification as derivatives in accordance with ASC 480 and ASC 815 and are recorded at fair value.
The following tables summarize the fair value of the warrant derivative liability and related common shares as of inception date September 15, 2016, May 31, 2018 and May 31, 2019:    
 
    Shares Indexed     Derivative Liability  
Inception to date September 15, 2016
     7,333,334     $  5,179,200  
Balance May 31, 2018
     7,733,334       1,323,732  
Balance May 31, 2019
     7,733,334     $ 402,132  
Changes in the fair value of the derivative liability are reported as “Change in fair value of derivative liability” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the years ended May 31, 2019, May 31, 2018, and May 31, 2017, the Company recognized a net, non-cash gain of approximately $0.9 million, $1.7  million and $
2.2
 million, respectively, due to the changes in the fair value of the liability associated with such classified warrants. ASC 820 provides requirements for disclosure of liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis in periods subsequent to the initial recognition. Fair values for the warrants were determined using a Binomial Lattice Model.
The Company estimated the fair value of the warrant derivative liability as of inception, May 31, 2018 and May 31, 2019, using the following assumptions:
 
    September 15,     May 31,     May 31,  
    2016     2018     2019  
Fair value of underlying stock
   $  0.78     $  0.49     $  0.39  
Risk free rate
     1.20 %      2.63 %      1.94 % 
Expected term (years)
     5       3.3       2.29  
Stock price volatility
     106 %      64 %      61 % 
Expected dividend yield
     —         —         —    
Probability of Fundamental Transaction
     50 %      50 %      50 % 
Probability of holder requesting cash payment
     50 %      50 %      50 % 
Due to the fundamental transaction provisions, which could provide for early redemption of the warrants, the model also considered subjective assumptions related to the fundamental transaction provision. The fair value of the warrants will be significantly influenced by the fair value of the Company’s stock price, stock price volatility, changes in interest and managements assumptions related to the fundamental transaction provision.
As described in Note 4 above, the redemption provision embedded in the June 2018 and January 2019 Notes required bifurcation and measurement at fair value as a derivative. The fair value of the Note redemption provision derivative liabilities was calculated using a Monte Carlo Simulation which uses randomly generated stock-price paths obtained through a Geometric Brownian Motion stock price simulation. The fair value of the redemption provision will be significantly influenced by the fair value of the Company’s stock price, stock price volatility, changes in interest rates and management’s assumptions related to the redemption factor. The Company estimated the fair value of the redemptive provision using the following assumptions on the closing date of November 15, 2018, January 30, 2019 and May 31, 2019:
    November 15,
2018		     January 30,
2019		     May 31, 2019  
    June Note     January Note  
Fair value of underlying stock
   $ 0.57     $ 0.49     $ 0.39     $ 0.39  
Risk free rate
     2.78 %      2.52 %      2.21 %      1.95 % 
Expected term (in years)
     1.61       2       1.07       1.67  
Stock price volatility
     58.8 %      61 %      62.2 %      62.2 % 
Expected dividend yield
     —         —         —         —    
Discount factor
     85 %      85 %      85 %      85 % 
The following table summarizes the fair value of the convertible note redemption provision derivative liability as of inception dates November 15, 2018, January 30, 2019 and May 31, 2019:
 
          Derivative Liability  
    Net Proceeds     Inception Date     May 31, 2019  
Inception date June 2018 Note, November 15, 2018
   $ 5,000,000     $ 1,284,988     $ 847,103  
Inception date January 2019 Note, January 30, 2019
     5,000,000       1,465,008       1,158,034  
                   
 
 
  
                    $ 2,005,137  
                   
 
 
  
The Company recognized approximately $745,000 of non-cash gain, due to the changes in the fair value of the liability associated with such classified redemption provision between the inception date and May 31, 2019.